ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the dynamic expression and role of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the myocardium of mice with viral myocarditis (VMC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty 4-week-old male BALB/c mice were selected and assigned into control (n=40) and experimental groups (n=80). The mice in the experimental group were injected intraperitoneally with Coxsackievirus B3 to establish the model of VMC, while the mice in the control group were injected intraperitoneally with an equal volume of DMEM solution. Fifteen mice in the experimental group and ten mice in the control group were sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, or 28 days after injection, and the myocardial specimens were obtained. The dynamic expression of VDR in the myocardium was determined by the immunohistochemical technique. The pathological changes in the myocardium were examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the experimental group, the mice had significantly increased expression of VDR after virus injection (P<0.01); the expression of VDR reached the peak at 7 days after injection, and then declined gradually; the expression of VDR remained high at 28 days after injection. At 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after injection, the expression of VDR in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). Moreover, in the experimental group, the changes in the pathological score of the myocardium were in accordance with the changes in the expression of VDR; the expression level of VDR in the myocardium was positively correlated with the pathological changes in the myocardium in the experimental group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>VDR may be involved in the inflammatory-immune process in the pathogenesis of VMC.</p>